Turpan Museum Review

The Turpan Museum has a very rich collection, second only to the Autonomous Region Museum and the second largest museum in Xinjiang. There are more than 5,000 cultural relics in the collection, of which nearly 100 cultural relics are at the first level. More than 80% of the cultural relics collected in the museum of the autonomous region from the West Han Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, which is between the prosperity of the Silk Road for more than 1,000 years, come from Turpan. The entire exhibition hall is divided into three parts: the exhibition hall of unearthed cultural relics, the exhibition hall of ancient corpses and the fossil hall of giant rhino. The main display of more than 300 historical relics excavated in Turpan area, including stone, pottery, wood, copper, iron, gold, silverware and documents, woolen silk fabrics, wood carvings, mud, paintings, ancient corpses, grain, dried fruit and various foodstuffs, from the Stone Age to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Most of them are the burial items in the ancient tombs, and a small part are collections and folk cultural relics. The exhibition hall of unearthed cultural relics is divided into the Stone Age and the Gushi (Cheshi) period, and Gaochang County, Gaochang Kingdom, Xizhou in the Tang Dynasty, and Gaochang Huihui, which concentrated on reflecting the social historical development process and civilization achievements in Turpan. The early culture of Turpan Museum is represented by colored pottery and vegetarian pottery, which has obvious regional ethnic characteristics. There are many kinds of silk woven varieties, which is a typical cultural relics of the important towns of the Silk Road. The decoration map is also common to the birds, camels, peacocks, horse deer, double ducks and other circles in the west, including the sixteen-nation period of the common bird embroidery and the Tang Dynasty flower and bird embroidery, etc., are rare rare treasures. The documents unearthed in Turpan are world-famous, including official documents, appointment letters, household registrations, grain stickers, medicine prescriptions, private letters, Buddhist classics, contracts for sale, lists of clothes for burial of the deceased, etc., involving politics, economy, culture, religion, ethnicity, Customs and other aspects of social life are important historical materials for understanding and studying the ancient society of Western and Turpan. These instruments have a variety of texts, including Sutto, Huiyu, Sanskrit, Xixia, Mongolian, Han and other 24 kinds. The fragments of the Manichean scriptures of the Sothog Creek Grottoes are rare treasures. The fundamental teaching of Manicheanism is "two three-dimensional theory", the second is light and darkness; the three-dimensional refers to the past, present and future. This portrait of Fu Xu's son-in-law, 168 cm long and 100 cm wide, is painted in four colors: red, yellow, white and black. In the painting, Fu Xu's left hand grips the moment, and his son-in-law's right hand waved the rules; they hugged each other, wrapped in their lower bodies, and the human body snakes, interspersed; the universe around them is vast, flashing the sun, moon and stars. Most of the statues of Fuxi's daughter-in-law unearthed in Turpan are buried in the tombs of husband and wife, usually with wooden nails on the top of the tomb, and a few folded and wrapped around the deceased. This funeral custom began in the Central Plains of the Han Dynasty, and later spread to the Western Region with a large number of Han people immigrating to the side.